摘要
不断高企的房价和"高烧不退"的土地财政构成了中国式城市发展的重要内容。本文首次系统构建了房价、土地财政与城市集聚特征的影响机制,并采用系统GMM方法对中国282地级及以上城市进行了实证分析。研究表明:鉴于区域间劳动力流动和行业间工作转换成本的广泛存在,房价通过扩散机制主要对低端劳动者产生强有力的挤压,引发产业由低端行业向高端行业集聚的结构演变,进而与城市多样化特征呈"倒U"型;在财政分权和增长竞赛的双重激励下,土地财政扩张通过对城市基础设施建设的偏向性配置进一步激化产业结构刚性,抑制城市向多样化发展。深入而言,工业化进程决定了房价上涨主要诱发制造业内部的"U型"梯度升级。市场导向的房价扩散力量与富有浓厚政治色彩的土地财政虽均通过产业结构影响城市集聚特征,却呈相悖效果。因此,在与土地财政的互动中,房价上涨推动产业结构升级、优化城市集聚特征的效力被不断削弱。
High housing prices and the' high fever 'of land finance constitute the important part of China-type city development. This paper systematically summarizes the mechanism of the effect of housing prices, land finance and city agglomeration characteristics, and carries on an empirical analysis of 282 prefecture-levelor upper-levelcities in Chinausing the system GMM method. Research shows that:(1) Based on the wide existence of costs in inter-regional labor flow and inter-industrial job turnover, housing prices through the diffusion mechanism put pressure on the low-endlabors and upgrade the industrial structure, which have an inverted U-shape relationship with urban diversity. Meanwhile,based on the incentives of fiscal decentralization and economic growth tournament, the land finance expansion intensifies the structure rigidity with biased configuration of the municipal infrastructure construction, which is not conducive to the city's diversified development.(2) Further analysis indicates that industrialization strengthens the effects of high housing price on U-shape internal upgrading of manufacturing industry.(3) Although market-oriented housing diffusion force and the extremely political land finance both exert influence on urban agglomeration characteristics through changing industrial structure, their effects are just opposite to each other. Therefore, with interaction of land finance,the effect of high housing prices on upgrading industrial structure and optimizing urban agglomeration features have been weakened.
出处
《管理世界》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第2期19-31,187,共13页
Journal of Management World
基金
国家社科基金重点项目(11AZD005)的资助
