母亲采用不同防龋措施对幼儿患龋率的影响

Effects of different caries prevention methods taken by mother on caries incidence of infant

目的对比母亲分别采用咀嚼木糖醇、使用氟化泡沫等防龋措施对婴幼儿患龋率的影响。方法选择唾液中高水平变形链球菌的产后母亲96例,随机均分入木糖醇组(X组),氟化物组(F组)和对照组(C组)。除常规口腔卫生措施外,X组母亲在产后3个月至幼儿2岁期间采用餐后咀嚼木糖醇口香糖,F组母亲在产后6、12、18、24个月分别使用氟化泡沫辅助口腔卫生维护,C组只采用常规口腔卫生措施。对比观察不同组幼儿1至5岁时乳牙龋失补牙面数(dmfs)及龋均。结果随着年龄增长,各组幼儿dmfs及龋均均呈上升趋势。在各年龄段,F组与C组幼儿患龋率间无显著性差异,在3岁、4岁、5岁阶段,X组幼儿患龋率显著低于F组与C组。结论高患龋风险母亲产后使用木糖醇能显著降低幼儿患龋率。

Objective To compare the effects of such methods as chewing xylitol and using fluoridated foam taken by the mother on the caries incidence of the infant. Methods Ninety-six cases of postpartum mothers with a high level of streptococcus mutans in the saliva were selected and randomly divided into the xylitol group （Group X）, the fluoridated foam group （Group F） and the control group （Group C）. Besides the regular oral hygiene measures, the mothers of Group X started chewing xylitol after meals when the infants were 3 months to 2 years old, the mothers of Group F used fluoridated foam for oral hygiene maintenance 6, 12, 18 and 24 months postpartum respectively, and the mothers of Group C only used the regular oral hygiene measures. The number of Decay Missing Filling Surfaces （dmfs） and the average caries from year 1 to year 5 were observed and compared for different infants. Results With the increase of age, the number of dmfs and the average caries were in a trend of increasing in the infants of all the groups. There are no significant differences in the caries incidence between the infants in Group F and the infants in Group C at any age period. In the age periods of 3 years, 4 years and 5 years, the caries incidence of the infants in Group X are significantly lower than those in Group F or Group C. Conclusion The use of xylitol by postpartum mothers with a high risk of caries can significantly lower the caries incidence in the infants.