审判权的失范及其治理

The Anomie and Its Governance on Jurisdiction

审判权运行过程中一定程度上存在失范现象,具体表现为宏观层面上规范本身的缺席与虚置以及微观层面上法官的偏差行为。规范缺席意指无法可依,导致法官无所适从,难以形成一致认识,在处理结果上必然产生分歧。规范虚置意指司法领域中出现法律的地位被矮化和规范作用被削弱的现象,导致法官行为失范的风险加大。法官的偏差行为意指审判权运行中法官滥用自由裁量权甚至有意或无意地超越、偏离既有立法。审判权失范的根源在于法律体系过于粗疏、法官行为规约机制存在不足、司法场域的复杂以及当前法官角色定位的矛盾性。对审判权失范的治理应针对性进行,包括完善立法体系,重新定位法官角色以及从知识、道德、审判制度等多个层面强化对法官行为的规约。

In the jurisdiction process, there exits the Anomie phenomenon. To be specific, at the macro level, it is reflected by the absence and fracture of rules and at the micro level, it refers to the deviance of jud- ges. The absence of rules refers to lack of laws for the judges derstanding while dealing with cases which inevitably leads to tions of law and regulations being weakened which increases to follow, so they could not form a consistent un- disagreements. Fracture of rules means the func- the risk of judges＇ misconduct. Deviance of jud- ges means the judge abusing discretionary power, and sometimes even surpassing the existing legislation inten- tionally or unintentionally. The anomie of jurisdiction is rooted in the too loose legal system, the less regulation of judges, complicated judicial domain and conflicts of roles of judges. The governance of anomie of jurisdic- tion should focus on completing legal system, re-building the roles of judges and regulating the conducts of judges from knowledge, moral and trail system.