元前期北方学者治学之驳杂及其成因

The Northern Scholars' Academic Complexity and Its Causes of the Early Yuan Dynasty

元代前期,北方学者肩负文化救亡的使命,冀以接续行将断裂的文化脉络。学者们治学不以一门一派为守,各种学说,靡不研究。格局广大、内容驳杂,成为学者们治学活动的主要特点。以世界性和深刻的包容性为特征的元初文化生态是这一特点形成的重要原因。在这一特殊的历史时期,中亚、吐蕃、大理、畏兀儿、辽、西夏、金、宋等不同地域、不同民族、不同宗教的文化交织碰撞,蒙古人、色目人、汉人的精英学者汇集一堂,成千帆竞发之势,形成了多族文化圈,这为治学驳杂特点的形成奠定基础。蒙古统治者的实用主义思维也影响了治学思想的形成。元代后期,理学之风兴起,元人治学的多元性受到削弱,学术旨趣走向单一,学风发生明显变化。

In the early Yuan Dynasty, the northern scholars shouldered the mission of cultural salvation in order to continue the to-be-broken cultural context. Scholars＇ academic complexity became the main charac- teristics of scholars academic activities. The important reason of the characteristics was the global cultural sur- roundings. In this special historical period, the culture from Central Asia, Tibet, Dali, Uighur, Liao, Xia, Jin and Song etc. interwove and collided. They consisted of different regions, different nationalities, and differ- ent religions. Elite scholars of the Mongolian, Semu people and people of the Han nationality gathered in a hall and formed the multi-ethnic cultural circle, as a thousand sails preparing to set out. The multi-ethnic cultural circle laid a basis of the academic complex characteristics. Mongolian＇s idea also affected the formation of the characteristics. In the late Yuan versity weakened, the academic Dynasty, the wind of the Neo Confucianism rose and the Yuan＇s academic di- style changed significantly.