后现代伦理思想的审美转向——列维纳斯他异性美学研究现状述评

A Review of the Current Study on Levinas' s Aesthetics at Home and Abroad

法国伦理哲学家列维纳斯的他者哲学以其特有的他异性、异域感及浓浓的人文关怀对后世产生深远的影响。近年来,国内外学界对其趋于无限的异质性美学产生了浓厚的兴趣。一方面,国内外学者把其思想的影响从对法国战后的反思扩展到了由批判思想、美学、精神生活或精神分析构成的整个潮流,取得了显著的成绩;另一方面,其美学研究仍处于起步阶段,还有很大的探究空间,且国内外美学研究存在着很大的差距。国外学界可采用横向比较的方法,加大列维纳斯对当下英美学界(而不仅仅是法国学界)及第三世界的美学影响的探究;国内学界对于跨文化研究的意义仍有待开展,如中国新儒家与列维纳斯的关系、美学、文学、后女性主义、后现代主义伦理的影响等方面的研究都有待加强。列维纳斯的美学思想有助于建构后现代美学,彰显了对西方以海德格尔为代表的传统美学的建设性批判以及后现代伦理思想中的审美转向。

The aherity philosophy of Levinas, the French ethical philosopher, with its unique specificity, l＇exotisme, and the deep humanistic care has a profound impact on the future generations. In recent years, the domestic and foreign scholars have been increasingly interested in the study of his heterogeneity of the infinite. The article reviews the aesthetic studies of Levinas in recent years. On the one hand, domestic and foreign scholars have made remarkable achievements in his influence from the reflection on the Postwar France, ex- panded to the whole trend of the criticism, aesthetics, spiritual life and psychoanalysis. On the other hand, the study of Levinas＇s aesthetics is still in its initial stage, and therefore, there is still a lot of room to explore and a big gap between domestic and international studies in this field. The contemporary British, American and the third world academic circles （not just the French） can use the horizontal comparison method to increase the exploration. The significance of the intercultural study is still to be carried out in the domestic academic cir- cles, such as the relationship between Chinese New Confucian and Levinas, the influence on today＇s aesthet- ics, literature, post-feminism, post modern ethics and so on. The article believes that Levinas＇ aesthetic thoughts are helpful to the construction of post-modern aesthetics, which reveals the constructive criticism of western traditional aesthetics represented by Heidegger and the aesthetic turn in the postmodern ethics.