生命历程视角的城市居民二套房获得

Research on Urban Resident's Second Set of Housing Acquisition from Life Course Perspective

本文从生命历程理论视角研究住房市场化背景下宏观和微观因素对城市居民二套房获得的影响,提出了"世代机遇论""购房时机说""精英优势论""家庭禀赋说"和"理性选择说"等命题,并依据2010年广州市千户问卷调查数据,运用离散时间事件史模型进行验证。研究发现,在二套房获得上,世代和单位因素影响减弱,职业地位和家庭因素影响增强,经济管理精英、专业精英,以及家庭经济能力强、家庭资助或在房改结束前获得首套房的居民具有优势,房价上涨在一定程度上促进了二套房的购买。本文认为,早期市场化改革为不同阶层提供了住房机遇,但再分配和市场导致的住房不平等在住房市场化过程中相互强化,未来住房改革的重点在于避免住房贫富分化加剧。

This study examines how macro-social and micro-social and economic factors at different life stages affect people＇s decision on purchasing secondary residential property.It suggests several possible explanations such as cohort opportunity,property market opportunity,elite advantage,family resource investment and rational choice.Using discrete-time event history analysis,this study looks into the data collected from 1000 household questionnaires in Guangzhou in 2010 and finds that factors such as elite advantage and family resource investment become much more significant in purchasing a second property while the impact of cohort opportunity and work unit subsidies diminishes.Housing marketization has changed property wealth accumulation in China from institutional resource distribution to market resource accumulation.It has changed housing purchase from relying on work unit support to depending on personal and family financial capability. The early stage of housing marketization was able to offer property ownership opportunities to different social stratums.However,the deepening marketization and wealth redistribution have worsened the housing inequality among different social groups as well as within the young cohort.Any future housing reform should make an effort to prevent further housing polarization between the rich and the poor.