不同聚集状态的Aβ寡聚体在阿尔茨海默病发生中的作用机制研究进展

The Role and Underlying Mechanism of Differently Aggregated Components of Oligomeric β-Amyloid Protein in The Progress of Alzheimer's Disease

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)是一种以智力损害和认知障碍为主要临床表现的神经退行性疾病.AD的发病因素和发病机制十分复杂,国际上对AD多年的研究提出几种假说,其中以β淀粉样蛋白(β-amyloid,Aβ)为AD主要致病因子的Aβ假说一直占据重要地位.Aβ可以分为单体、寡聚体和纤维状Aβ,其中寡聚体Aβ是导致AD中认知功能障碍和神经退变的主要因素.Aβ寡聚体又可以细分为不同的聚集状态,不同聚集状态的Aβ寡聚体在AD发生发展过程中起到的作用不同.本文主要综述几种不同聚集状态的寡聚体在AD发病中的作用及机制.

Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） is a neurodegenerative disorders characterized by impaired memory and cognitive functions. The pathogenesis of AD is very complicated, it is extensively documented that the accumulation of β-amyloid peptide（Aβ） is a vital contributing factor in the pathology of AD. Aβ can be divided into different forms of species, such as monomer, oligomer, and fibril. Increasing evidence suggests that oligomeric Aβ, may be the main mediators which contribute to the cognitive deficits and neurodegeneration in AD. The oligomeric Aβ has different aggregation configuration, which play different roles in the process of AD. This review mainly illustrates the role and underlying mechanisms of differently aggregated components of oligomeric Aβ in the progress of AD.