实践的亲属关系——关于“娘家”与“婆家”的人类学研究(下)

Practical Kinship: Anthropological Study on Niangjia(Natal Family)and Pojia(Married-in Family)(Continued)

中国人类学的亲属关系和亲属制度研究,长期以来在宗族范式的影响下积累了很多重要的学术成果,同时也在姻亲关系研究上取得了一定的进展。然而,宗族范式不可避免地存在着男性意识偏见。李霞的人类学专著《娘家与婆家》,通过将女性视角和实践的观点引入亲属关系的人类学研究领域,彻底超越了此类男性意识偏见,她不仅在汉人社会中发现了妇女亲属关系的存在及其重要性,同时还对妇女们的亲属关系实践的意义作出了令人信服的说明。本文对《娘家与婆家》一书进行了较为系统的述评,明确指出李霞的研究成果乃是中国人类学者在亲属关系和亲属制度领域新近取得的突破性成果。

In anthropology in China, the study about the kinship has conducted under the ＂Lineage Paradigm＂ for a long time. This research pattern really has accumulated many important academic achievements; meanwhile, it has gained some progresses in the study on affinal relationship. However, it is inevitable for the ＂Lineage Paradigm＂ to be freed from the influence of ＂male consciousness bias＂. The anthropological monograph Niangjia （Natal Family） and Pojia（Married-in Family） by Li Xia, which by introducing female and practical viewpoints in- to the field about the kinship, thoroughly overstepped this ＂male consciousness bias＂. She not only ＂discovered＂ the existence and importance of the kinship on women＇ s side in the Hans society, but also provided her convinced explanations about the practical significance of it. After a comparatively systematic commentary on the book of Niangjia（Natal Family） and Pojia（Married-in Family）, this paper explicitly pointed out that Li Xia＇s study is the newly gained breakthrough achievement by the Chinese anthropologists in the field of the Kinship of Han society.