藏传佛教高僧传：神圣性的建构

The Biographies of Eminent Monks of Tibetan Buddhism: the Sacred Construction

藏传佛教高僧传虽分为若干类,但最有影响和最有学术价值的是共通类传记,是当今藏学研究之宝贵资料。高僧传经历了不同的发展阶段,15世纪以后进入了繁盛时期。写作高僧传之资料依据中,最为重要的是基础素材(sa bon),传记内容之详略亦取决于此,而sa bon的存在与否,又取决于高僧生前之社会地位。高僧传有较为统一的编写体例,并形成了模式化的写作。立传之主旨在于树立佛教修道者之楷模,道德之化身,佛教的价值观自然贯穿于传记的写作之中,并以此评判历史事件和人物。

Although there are many kinds of biographies of Eminent Monks of Tibetan Buddhism, the most influen- tial and academically valuable ones are the common kinds of the biographies, which play an important role in the current Tibetology research. After experiencing many development stages, the biographies of Eminent Monks reached their high point in the fifteenth century AD. Of all the documents on which the writing of the biographies was based, the most important ones are sa bon, which decide the level of detail of their content. Furthermore, sa bon＇s existence depends on the social position of the Eminent Monks before their death. The biographies of Emi- nent Monks had a more uniform regulation of compiling, and developed into a formalized style of writing. The aim of writing such biographies was to set up an example for the Monks with the incarnation of morality. In addition, the biographies evaluated the historical events and subjects according to the Buddhism values which went through the writing of these biographies.