微波辐射相转移催化法合成对硝基苯甲酸

Synthesis of p-nitrobenzoic acid by microwave radiation and phase transfer catalysis method

采用微波辐射方法,以对硝基甲苯和高锰酸钾为原料,水作溶剂,在相转移催化剂四丁基溴化铵存在下合成对硝基苯甲酸。当微波功率800W,微波辐射时间15min,相转移催化剂用量为对硝基甲苯5%(摩尔分数),氧化剂KMn O4和对硝基甲苯的物质的量比为2.2时,对硝基苯甲酸收率为72.95%。产品结构经红外表征。实验表明四丁基溴化铵对高锰酸钾氧化对硝基甲苯制备对硝基苯甲酸是一种优良的相转移催化剂。

Thesynthesis of p-nitrobenzoic acid by oxidation of p-nitrotoluene withpotassium permanganate in thepresence of phase transfer catalyst（PTC, Tetrabutyl ammonium bromide）by microwave radiation methodarereported. When the microwave power is 800 W, the time of microwave radiation is 15 min, the amount of phasetransfer catalyst is five percent of the amount of p- nitrotoluene（mole fraction）,the amount of potassiumpermanganate substance is 2.2 times of the amount of p-nitrotoluene,the yield of p-nitrobenzoic acid can reach 72.95%. The structure of p-nitrobenzoic acid was characterized by IR.The experiment results show that Tetrabutylammonium bromide is a good PTC for the synthesisof p- nitrobenzoic acid by oxidation of p- nitrotoluenewithpotassium permanganate.