糖尿病周围神经病变发病机制研究

Research of the pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy

糖尿病周围神经病变（diabetic peripheral neuropathy,DPN）是糖尿病最常见的慢性并发症之一。根据国际糖尿病联盟的最新统计,2013年全球20-79岁成年人的糖尿病患病率为8.3%,患者人数已达3.82亿,预计到2035年,患者人数将达5.92亿。中国糖尿病患者数为9 840万,居全球首位,到2035年将达1.43亿。无论1型或2型糖尿病,DPN发生率均很高,据调查60%-90%的糖尿病患者发生DPN。目前非外伤性截肢患者的50%-75%由DPN造成。近年来,研究认为DPN是由多种因素包括遗传因素引起糖、脂肪、蛋白质代谢紊乱、血管异常、神经营养因子缺乏、氧化应激及免疫损伤所致,本文综述DPN的病因及可能的发病机制。

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy（DPN） is one of the most common chronic complications of diabetes. According to the latest statistics of the International Diabetes Federation, the global prevalence of diabetes for the adults aged 20 to 79 was 8.3% in 2013 and the number of the patients reached 382 million, and will reach 592 million by 2035. The number of the diabetic patients was 98.4 million in China, ranking first in the world, and it will reach 143 million by 2035. Whether type 1 or type 2 diabetes, the incidence of DPN is high. According to the survey, 60% to 90% of the diabetic patients had DPN. Currently, 50% to 75% of the patients with non-traumatic amputation are due to DPN. In recent years, the research suggests that DPN is caused by many factors, including sugar, fat and protein metabolic disorders, vascular abnormalities, neurotrophic factors deficiency, oxidative stress and immune damage. This article reviews the etiologies and possible mechanisms of DPN.