清华简《系年》的天命观

Analysis of the mandate of heaven of Chapter Xinian of Tsinghua bamboo strip manuscripts

清华大学藏战国竹简是2008年入藏清华的一批以经、史为主要内容的楚简,是研究周初至战国时期历史的重要史料,2010年以来相继整理出版。其中《系年》简共一百三十八支二十三章,主要记载周初至战国史事,其内容可与青铜铭文及《尚书》《竹书纪年》《左传》等传世文献相互印证。目前学界研究焦点集中于文字考释、史事考证、体例分析和文献对比研究,就其反映的思想关注较少。"天命"滥觞于原始社会巫觋文化的神灵崇拜,经夏商周祭祀文化的发展,逐渐成为一种与王权相联系的思想观念。

Tsinghua Bamboo Strip Manuscripts with Confucian classics as the main content, were cotletted by Tsinghua University in 2008. They are very important history accounts for historical research on period from early Zhou Dynasty to Warring States Period which were published in succesion since 2010. Chapter Xinian includes 138 branches i.e. 23 chapters which mainly kept a record of stories of the abovementioned period with the content able to be mutual corroborated with inscriptions on Bronze Ware, Shang Shu, Bamboo Annals and ZuoZhuan. Now the academic research focuses on making textual criticisms and explanations of words and historical events, style analysis and documents comparative study while less focusing on the thoughts. Mandate of Heaven stems from god worship in original society of witch culture which became an ideology related to royalty with the development of sacrificial culture.