1217例肺结核初诊患者痰涂片及培养结果分析

Results analysis of 1217 TB patients with newly diagnosed sputum smear and culture

目的通过分析北京市平谷区肺结核初诊患者的痰涂片及培养结果,了解初诊患者的检出情况,为辖区的结核病防控工作提供依据。方法对2012-2014年北京市平谷区肺结核初诊患者痰标本进行涂片和培养检测,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果 2012-2014年北京市平谷区1 217例肺结核初诊患者涂阳率16.60%,培阳率21.36%,涂片和培养联合检出阳性率21.86%;涂阳率高于培阳率,差异有统计学意义（χ2=825.41,P〈0.05）。男性阳性率高于女性;80~岁组阳性率最高,10~岁组阳性率最低;不同性别阳性率（男性χ2=14.17,P〈0.05;女性χ2=16.58,P〈0.05）和不同年龄组间阳性率（χ2=4.66,P〈0.05）差异均有统计学意义。结论北京市平谷区肺结核防治重点人群为中老年人;痰标本的涂片镜检和分离培养两种检测方法联合应用是及时准确的对患者作出疾病诊断的关键,提高就诊人群阳性检出率、发现和控制传染源是预防和控制结核病的最有效措施。

Objective To analyze the results of TB patients with newly diagnosed sputum smear and culture,understanding the detection of patients with newly diagnosed,provide the basis for tuberculosis prevention and control area. Methods To smear and culture test for detection of 2012- 2014 in Pinggu district of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with newly diagnosed sputum specimens, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results From 2012 to 2014 in Pinggu district 1217 newly diagnosed patients, smear positive rate16. 60%,culture positive rate 21. 36%,smear and culture combined with positive rate of 21. 86%; a statistically significant rate of smear positive and culture positive rate between the difference（ χ2= 825. 41,P〈 0. 05）. The positive rate was higher in male than in female; The 80 group of the highest positive rate; The10 group of the minimum positive rate. The difference of different sex and different age groups had statistical significance between the positive rate（ maleχ2= 14. 17,P〈 0. 05; femaleχ2= 16. 58,P 〈0. 05）,（ χ2=4. 66,P 〈0. 05）. Conclusions The elderly is prevention focus groups in Pinggu district TB; Sputum specimens of smear microscopy and culture combined use of two kinds of detection method is the key to accurate and timely to make a diagnosis of patients,improve the positive rate of treatment groups,detection and control of TB infection sources one of the most effective measures for the prevention and control of tuberculosis.