青海省2013年狂犬病监测结果分析

Analysis of rabies surveillance results in Qinghai province 2013

目的依据2013年狂犬病监测数据,分析研判青海省狂犬病疫情形势,探讨相应的防控对策。方法根据《青海省狂犬病监测实施方案》要求收集全省狂犬病疫情资料,在狂犬病高危地区开展宿主动物监测和一犬伤多人事件监测,对采集的标本进行狂犬病病毒核蛋白(N)基因RT-PCR检测和直接免疫荧光(DFA)检测。结果 2013年青海省共报告1例人狂犬病临床诊断病例,采集犬脑组织标本90份、唾液标本213份,检出脑组织阳性标本5份。共报告6起一犬伤多人事件,发生地主要集中在泽库县和玛多县,其中4起肇事犬脑组织标本RT-PCR和DFA检测结果均为阳性。结论青海省部分牧区狂犬病防控形势严峻,应加强健康宣传,做好狂犬病的预防免疫和加大对流浪犬只的处理力度。

Objective To analyze and evaluate the epidemic of rabies based on the surveillance data of Qinghai province in 2013,and discuss about the prevention and control measurements for rabies. Methods According to the rabies surveillance and implementation plan in Qinghai province,the data of the provincial Rabies epidemic were collected,the host animals and the cases of multi- victims bitten by the identical dog in the high risk areas were surveyed,and the nucleoprotein（ N） gene of rabies virus from the samples were detected by RT- PCR and direct immunofluorescence assays（ DFA）. Results In Qinghai in 2013,a total of 1 clinically diagnosed case of Rabies was reported,90 canine brain tissue samples,213 saliva samples were collected,from which 5 positive brain tissue samples were detected. A total of 6 cases of multi- victims bitten by the identical dog were reported,and the locations were centered in Zeku county and Maduo county. In 4 of these cases,the RT- PCR and DFA detections of the brain tissues from the trouble- making dogs were positive. Conclusions The situation of the prevention and control of rabies is very grim in pastoral areas in Qinghai province,which makes it necessary to enhance publicizing,to improve the immunization services and to step up efforts in handling of stray dogs for against the rabies.