摘要
By using Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate satellite observa- tions, and Global Ionosphere and Thermosphere Model simulations, the altitudinal dependences of the longitudinal differences in electron densities Ne were studied at mid- latitudes for the first time. Distinct altitudinal dependences were revealed： （1） In the northern （southern） hemisphere, there were wave-1 variations mainly in the daytime in the altitudes below 180 km, but wave-2 （wave-l） variations over a whole day above 220 km; （2） a transition （or sep- aration） layer occurred mainly in the daytime within 180 and 220 km, showing reversed longitudinal variation from that at lower altitudes. Solar illumination was one of the plausible mechanisms for the zonal difference of Ne at lower altitudes. At higher altitudes, both neutral winds and solar illumination played important roles. The neutral winds effects accounted for the longitudinal differences in Ne in the European-Asian sector. Neutral composition changes and neutral wind effects both contributed to the formation of the transition layer.
由使用为气象学，电离层，和气候卫星观察系统的星座，观察，和全球电离层和 Thermosphere 为模拟建模，在电子密度 Ne 的纵的差别的高度的依赖被学习在中间纬度第一次。不同高度的依赖被揭示：(1 ) 在里面北(南部) 半球，在在低于 180 的高度的白天主要有 wave-1 变化 ? 在超过 220 的一整个天的 km，而是 wave-2 (wave-1 ) 变化 ? km；(2 ) 转变(或分离) 层主要在白天发生在 180 和 220 以内 ? km，在更低的高度的从那的出现颠倒的纵的变化。太阳的照明是为在更低的高度的 Ne 的带的差别的嘴巧的机制之一。在更高的高度，中立的风和太阳的照明起了重要作用。中立的风效果在 EuropeanAsian 部门在 Ne 说明了纵的差别。中立作文变化和中立的风效果两个都贡献了转变层的形成。
