上海市青浦地区2014年院外急救疾病谱分析

Analysis of disease spectrum for pre-hospital emergency treatment in Qingpu District, Shanghai in 2014

目的分析上海市青浦区院外急救前10位疾病谱情况及其分布特征。方法设计调查表格，对2014年院外急救患者的年龄、性别、诊断、转归等情况进行登记，并录入数据库。对前10位疾病的疾病谱及其分布情况进行分析。结果2014年度青浦区医疗急救中心院外急救病例总计14929人，前10位疾病的构成比依次是创伤（45．22％），神经系统疾病（9．15％），呼吸系统疾病（5．42％），心血管系统疾病（4．80％），消化系统疾病（4．43％），小儿科疾病（3．92％），中毒（2．94％），妇产科疾病（2．75％），恶性肿瘤（2．55％），普通外科疾病（1．82％），其他（17．47％）。年龄（19～59）岁的患者占56．33％，男女比例为1．37：1。各类疾病的时间分布与疾病的好发季节相吻合。结论院外急救疾病谱及其分布特征能够反映目前青浦区院外急救任务的整体情况及工作重点。通过对本地区疾病谱的分析，基本掌握了主要疾病的序位及其病情、时间、年龄、性别等分布规律，对于本区院外急救与转运资源的分配、日常工作的重点具有重要的指导意义，将对有针对性的进行相应技能培训及急救知识宣传教育，提高本地区院外急救能力和水平起到积极的促进作用。

Objective To analyzes the tope ten disease spectrum for pre-hospital emergency treatment in Qingpu District, Shanghai and their distribution characteristics. Methods Forms were designed to record the information including age, gender, diagnosis, and prognosis for patients required pre-hospital emergency treatment in 2014. Then, the top ten diseases and its distribution were analyzed. Results Totally 14929 patients received pre-hospital emergency treatment from our hospital, and the top ten diseases they suffered from were trauma （45.22%）, nervous system diseases （9.15%）, respiratory diseases （5.42%）, cardiovascular system diseases （4.8%）, digestive system diseases （4.43%）, pediatrics diseases （3.92%）, poisoning （2.94%）, obstetrics and gynecology diseases （2.75%）, malignant tumors （2.55%） and general surgical diseases （1.82 %）, in addition to other disease （17.47%）. There were 56.33% of patients aging form 19 to 59 years old and the ratio of men to women was 1.37：1. The time distribution of each disease was consistent with the disease＇ s high-occurrence seasons. Conclusion The disease spectrum for pre-hospital emergency treatment and its distribution can well reflect the overall situation of pre-hospital emergency treatment in our district. Through disease spectrum analysis, we have generally determined basic distribution characteristics of these diseases, which will facilitates our future work and enhance our capacities for pre-hospital emergency treatment in this area.