“全科型”农村小学教师培养模式探讨

Research on General Rural Primary School Teachers' Training Model

在城乡教育资源仍不均衡的背景下,高师院校的小学教育专业面向农村,针对农村小学教师既缺乏数量又学科失衡的问题,积极选择和尝试全科培养的模式,以期解决当前农村地区小学师资问题。本科层次"全科型"农村小学教师培养首先体现为"培养什么样的人"的教育价值取向,也就是解决农村小学"留得住"人的问题;其次是"以何培养"的问题,即农村小学教师应具备全面的综合素养;"如何培养"则是农村小学教师综合培养的实践逻辑起点;"1+3"小学教师全科培养模式包括本科定位、定向培养、职前职后教育影响连续性和教师专业技能的养成。

Nowadays,urban and rural education resources are still not balanced.The problems of rural primary school teacher are not only the lack of quantity,but also the imbalance in disciplines.In order to solve the above problems,primary school teacher education of normal colleges and universities should try the general practice training model.The first problem this training model for rural primary school teachers is faced with is which kind of talent should be cultivated,which concerns retaining rural primary school teachers.The second problem is how to cultivate,which is the practice logic starting point of the comprehensive training model in rural primary school teachers.＂1＋3＂general teacher training model includes orientation towards undergraduate education,orientation training,consecutive influence of the pre-vocational education and post training and development of teachers＇ professional skills.