我国煤炭产业规模、结构与技术水平分析

Analysis on the Scale,Structure and Technological Level with Regard to China's Coal Industry

为了科学认识我国煤炭产业的特点,文章运用统计学模型和指标体系定量评价了我国煤炭产业的规模、结构和技术水平。结果显示,虽然我国煤炭产业拥有世界上最大的生产规模,但市场结构与先进产煤国家仍有较大差距。2005-2012年间,我国煤炭产业的CR8值基本上稳定在22%~36%之间,离40%的贝恩标准还有一定的距离。同期,煤炭产业的HHI指数都小于500,属于典型的竞争Ⅱ型市场结构。就技术水平而言,2005年以来我国采煤机械化水平提升较快,煤矸石利用率和矿井水利用率水平提升幅度也较大,但回采率和原煤入选率水平的进步速度一般,煤矿瓦斯抽采利用率水平进步速度也相对较慢。

In order to understand the characteristics of the coal industry in China in a scientific manner, this paper quantitatively evaluates the scale, structure and technological level with regard to China＇s coal industry in accordance with statistical model and index system. The results show that although China has the world＇s largest coal production scale, the market structure still lags far behind advanced coal countries. From 2005 to 2012, the CR8 value of the Chinese coal industry basically stabilized between 22% and 36%, which, according to the 40% Bain standard, had a certain distance; the HHI index of the corresponding period was less than 500, meaning the Chinese coal industry was a type II market. In terms of technical level, since 2005, coal mining mechanization level, the utilization of coal gangue and mine water have increased at a high speed, yet the progress of recovery ratio, selection rate of raw coal, and coal mine gas extraction efficiency have made relatively slow.