人力资本对农民非农就业机会的改善效应探析

To Improve the Effect of Farmers Non-Agricultural Employment of Human Capital

实现农村剩余劳动力的非农就业已成为我国农民家庭增收的主要途径之一,这意味着农民收入结构已经摆脱对土地资源的依赖。基于此,对于农村非农参与比例的提升就应成为未来农村改革的重要环节,其对农村区域内部的就业结构具有决定性的影响。而在既定的社会环境中,影响个体劳动者就业方式与区域的最重要因素就是个体人力资本。因此,在既定的劳动力市场需求条件下,非农就业比例的提升将主要决定于个体劳动者自身的综合素质;而促进非农就业的关键就在于增加人力资本存量,提高非农就业能力。

The non- agricultural employment of rural surplus labor force has become one of the main ways of Chinese peasant family income, which means that the income structure of farmers have to get rid of the dependence on land resources, began to rely on non- agricultural employment mode. So, the rural labor force non- agricultural participation ratio should be an important part of rural reform, has a decisive influence on the rural area internal employment structure. But in certain social environment, individual human capital is the most important factor affecting employment way, inter industry choice is labor. Therefore, in the established labor market demand conditions, rural labor force can realize full employment in non-agricultural fields, depends largely on the quality of the labor force itself can meet the demand of market. The key to promote non-agricultural employment lies in increasing the human capital stock, improve the non-agricultural employment ability.