3种燃煤供暖锅炉环境影响的生命周期评价

Comparison of environmental impact for three different coal-fired boilers using life cycle assessment method

为了比较链条炉、流化床锅炉以及水煤浆锅炉等不同燃煤供热方式的能耗和环境影响,采用生命周期评价方法对3种供暖热水生产方式从原煤开采到燃烧供热全过程进行了生命周期清单分析及环境影响评价。生命周期清单结果表明:当产生相同热量时,3种锅炉在其生命周期的各种污染物排放中,CO_2排放均最高,其次是固体废弃物和粉尘。3种锅炉中,燃煤链条炉的环境影响总负荷最大,水煤浆锅炉的环境影响总负荷最小。生命周期环境影响评价结果表明各种锅炉对环境影响在固体废弃物方面影响程度均最大,然后是粉尘、光化学烟雾、全球变暖、酸雨和富营养化。

In order to compare the energy consumption and environmental impact of three coal-fired boilers（ grate boiler,fluidized bed boiler,coal water slurry fired boiler） for district heating,life cycle inventory analysis and environmental impact evaluation were conducted using life cycle assessment（ LCA） method. Life cycle inventory results showed that： generating the same amount of hot water,three kinds of boilers all had high CO2,solid waste and particulate matter emission during the whole life cycle period. Environmental impact research results showed that the environmental impact load of coal-fired grate boiler was the highest,and the one of CWS-fired boiler was the least.In addition,for each kind of boiler,the environmental impact of produced pollutants on solid waste in environment was the largest,followed by particulate matter,photo-chemical smog,global warming,acid rain and eutrophication.