论警察防卫行为正当性的判断——以“庆安火车站警察枪击事件”为例的分析

The Determination of the Legitimacy of Police Defense Behavior

对警察防卫行为正当性判断必须进行实质性的审查。规范依据是刑法中的正当防卫的规定,行政法中的相关限制警械、武器使用的规定是防卫相当性的类型化、具体化规定。对于防卫限度的认定应该考虑具体案件事实的基础上,以行为时一般的理智第三人的立场进行判断。据此,"庆安火车站警察枪击事件"应属于正当防卫。解释论的角度只是权宜之计,还应该从立法论的角度系统解决警察防卫问题。

The police defense behavior should be conducted by substantive examination,whose normative foundation includes the provision of justifiable defense in criminal law,and the administrative regulations about restricting the use of weapons and police instruments,which make specific provisions for different types of self- defense behavior. As to the limit of the defense,a third reasonable person to make decision on the basis of specific case facts should be taken into account. Accordingly,the behavior of the policemen in the Qing＇an Railway Station incident belongs to the justifiable defense.However,in order to solve the police defense problem,legal interpretation is just a temporary expedient,while a systematic legislation concerning the police defense behavior in the long- term should be considered.