产业区内的知识外溢:一个选择性评述

Knowledge Spillovers within Industrial Districts:a Selected Review

知识外溢的测度和效应分析是一个尚待解决的难题。对于产业区内的知识外溢,当代学者从不同的研究方法出发进行了开创性研究。本文梳理了该领域的主要研究文献,从理论脉络来看,对于创新产出的如何衡量以及非商业机制的知识溢出对创新的影响都是有争议的。本文的分析认为,知识外溢对于产业区内企业的创新活动确实有影响,但知识外溢并非自然产生的,它基本上是一个被管制的流量。而且现有的文献对知识外溢的具体传导机制未作阐述。对于知识外溢问题的进一步研究,应该重新审视其假设前提,对知识默会性和知识编码的概念做认真区分。

A fundamental issue that remains unsolved in economics of technology is the measurement of knowledge spillovers and its effect analysis.For local knowledge spillovers,the contemporary scholars set out the proceeding of path breaking study from the different research methods.This paper combed the main literature in that realm.Seen from theories development, we find that how to measure innovation output and what's the impact of knowledge spillovers under non-commercial mechanism on innovation is disputed.This paper reveals that knowledge spillovers influence innovation activities in truth,but knowledge spillovers don't exist naturally, instead it is a managed flow.And nobody explains the transmitting mechanism of knowledge spillovers as for the current literature.Further research about knowledge spillovers should exam- ine the assumption and rigorously distinguish between tacit and codified knowledge concept.