日本家族企业成长的理论解析及其影响因素分析——基于三井财阀的案例

Theoretical Analysis on the Growth of Japanese Family Business and Induction of Its Key——A Case Analysis on Mitsui Zaibatsu

家族企业成长是家族企业朝向成熟阶段发展的过程。本文以具有近四百年历史的日本三井为例,深入考察了其从创业到财阀生成这段时间内的发展历程。研究表明,家族企业成长是一个受多因素影响的多阶段演进过程,不同层面因素的综合作用决定了家族企业能否成功实现从一个阶段向另一个阶段的过渡。为了确保家族企业的做强做大,不但要实现所有权控制上的创新和具有适应环境变化的家族治理结构,还需要职业经理人的介入以及与时俱进的政府交往能力。在此基础上,本文进一步基于文化和信任构建了家族企业成长的理论模型,以期为我国家族企业的发展提供经验借鉴,对理论的研究有所助益。

The growth of family business is the process of its developing into mature stage.This article takes Japanese Mitsui zaibatsu with a history of about 400 hundred years as the example,probes deeply into its development period from the establishment of business to the for- mation of Japanese zaibatsu.And the research shows that the growing of family business is multi- stage evolutionary process influenced by many factors,and the synthesized effect of different as- pects of factors decides whether a family business could realize the transition from a stage into an- other successfully.In order to make it larger and stronger,family business should not only achieve the innovation in the control of proprietary rights and possess the family governance structure to adapt to environmental changes,but also need the interposition of professional manager and the ability to intercourse with government with the times.Thus,the article further constructs the theo- ry models of family business growth based on culture and trust so as to provide experience for our family business growing,and help for theoretical study.