企业边界的确定：一个人力资本角度的假说

The Determination of Firm's Border:A Hypothesis from the perspective of Human Capital

可以采取交易成本和规模经济之外的思路理解企业规模边界的决定这一问题。资本的异质性及人力资本的特殊的资产专用性决定了物质资本对人力资本的边际技术替代率达到某一阈值之后会趋向无穷大。由于团队成员面临集体行动的逻辑所导致的问题和出于对"亚当斯公平"追求的心理而竞相采取报复性偷懒的策略,致使大集团趺入"低效陷阱"。企业边界不会无限膨胀,企业存在合理性或者效率边界,企业的边界根本地是由具有专用性的耐用人力资本的均衡存量来决定的。

The issue of determination for scale border of firm can be understood out of the following two conceptions:Economies of Scale and Transaction Costs,that is,the firm can be seen as a special contract of Human Capital and Substance Capital.The Heterogeneity of different capital and the asset specifity of Human Capital would lead to the fact that the marginal rate of technical substitution of Substance Capital for Human Capital would be infinite after it reaches the Threshold Value.Furthermore,the issues oriented from the logic of collective action and the pur- suit of‘Adams's Equity’would lead the big group fall into the‘low-efficiency trap’.So,from the perspective of efficiency,the firm's border would never be infinite,and it is determined by the equilibrium stock of durable Human Capital.