市场结构与厂商产品创新动机研究

Analysis of the Relation between Market Structure and Product Innovation

以往探讨厂商创新动机和市场结构的文献,通常假定厂商创新为工艺创新,结论一般为厂商数目和厂商创新动机之间成单调的负向关系,即厂商数目越多,厂商创新动机越弱。改变以往文献厂商进行工艺创新的假设,在市场上只有一家厂商能够进行小幅产品创新的假设下,分析厂商创新动机和市场结构(厂商数目)的关系,结论发现:在伯川德(Bertrand)竞争下,若厂商之间产品同质性较高,则厂商数目与厂商研发动机成单调负向关系;若产品差异性越高,则厂商研发动机与厂商数目成"倒U"型关系,即厂商研发动机随着厂商数目增加先递增后递减。在古诺(Cournot)竞争下,无论产品差异大小,厂商研发动机与厂商数目均为"倒U"型关系。

The past papers on the relation between market structure and product innovation usually assumed that innovation of firm to be process innovation,as a result,the conclusion that the monotonic negative relation between them would be drawn.Changing the above hypothesis, assuming product innovation is invested in by firm.Only one firm has the capability to invest in product innovation.We show that,under Bertrand competition,when products are highly homogeneous, the incentive of innovation and the number of firms have monotonic negative relation; when products are greatly heterogeneous,the incentive of innovation and the number of firms is an inverted U-shaped relation.