研究型大学首位学科的演变与绩效

Evolution and Performance:An Analysis of the Prime Disciplines in China's Top Research Universities

本研究以"985工程"高校论文产量最高的学科(首位学科)为对象,以InCites数据库为数据来源,采用相对产量和相对引用两个指标对1998-2012年间中国高水平研究型大学首位学科的布局和结构进行分析。研究发现:"985工程"高校的首位学科发展相对稳定,集中分布在化学、物理学、工程学和材料科学四门理工类学科。从首位学科论文产量和质量的演变来看,传统首位学科以降低论文产量、提升论文质量的内涵式发展路径为主;新进首位学科以规模和质量并重的发展路径为主。也有部分高校的首位学科存在特色消失、质量下降的风险。

Taking disciplines with maximum production,namely Prime Disciplines,as research target from 985 Project Universities,this study adopts relative production and relative citation as its approach to explore the layout and structure of prime disciplines from China's high-level researchbased universities during the period from 1998 to 2012.By probing into data resources from InCites Data Base,this paper concludes that the development of the prime disciplines remains steady with frequency distribution on four engineering disciplines:chemistry,physics,engineering science and material science.In the light of production and quality of these research papers,traditional prime disciplines take connotative development path which aims to optimize quality by reducing production of papers.On the other hand,new prime disciplines attach equal importance to both production and quality of research papers.Moreover,the increasing risks of feature losing and quality reduction tend to emerge among the prime disciplines in some of these universities.