肠促胰岛素在能量代谢中的作用及其机制的研究进展

Research progress of incretin in energy metabolism and its mechanism

肠促胰岛素是胃肠道分泌的一种肠肽类激素,包括葡萄糖依赖性促胰岛素分泌多肽(GIP)和胰升血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1),具有减缓胃排空、抑制食欲、促进胰岛素合成、抑制胰升血糖素分泌等作用;作用于线粒体途径,减少活性氧簇(ROS)产生,抑制胰岛β细胞凋亡,促进其增殖和再生。同时,肠促胰岛素有改善脂肪代谢,抑制炎症反应等作用,在血糖稳态及能量平衡中起重要作用。

Incretin is a kind of intestinal peptide hormone secreted by gastrointestinal endocrine cells,including glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide（GIP）and glucagon-like peptide-1（GLP-1）.It can slow gastric emptying,suppress appetite,promote insulin synthesis and inhibit the secretion of glucagon.By acting on mitochondrial pathway,incretin can reduce the generation of reactive oxygen species,inhibit apoptosis of isletβcells and promote the proliferation and regeneration ofβcells.Meanwhile,incretin also has biological effects on regulating lipid metabolism and inhibiting inflammation,playing an important role in maintaining glucose homeostasis and energy balance.