CC许可协议的国际化争议及中国化制度兼容性解析

Debates on the Internationalization of Creative Commons Agreements and Analysis of the Localized System Compatibility

在互联网上创作作品,对传统的版权模式提出了挑战,CC许可是应对这些挑战的一种回应。CC许可制度以著作权法为基础,以合同法为依托,具有便于访问及促进以教育目的而对作品利用等积极效果。但CC许可毕竟是在传统的版权模式下进行运作的,由于传统版权法中的诸多概念过于简单化,诸如公共领域、精神权利、合理使用及公平交易等。此外,条款的精确性较为缺乏、"商业性"与"非商业性"的界限亦不明确,导致CC许可的国际化面临系列争论。但CC许可组织针对上述争议,对协议版本不断修改和完善,其法律效力已经为多国司法实践所积极承认,其在中国的本土化过程也不存在制度兼容性上的矛盾,不失为数字时代知识创新与传播的一种新的解决方案。

Creating works on the Internet（online works） gives challenges to the traditional copyright model. Creative Commons Agreement is one of the responses to these challenges. Based on the copyright law and the contract law, CC Agreements have such positive features as easy access, active use of the works for the purpose of facilitating education and so on. However, CC Agreements are working within the traditional copyright model, while many concepts in the traditional copyright law are too simple, such as public domain, moral right, fair use, fair trade, etc.. Besides, the clauses are not so accurate, there is no clear boundary between commercial and non-commercial, which has brought a series of debates on the internationalization of CC Agreements. Against the above-mentioned debates, the CC Agreement organization is constantly revising and improving the versions of the Agreements, thus the legal force has been recognized by the juridical practice of many countries. And its localization process in China produces no contradiction in the system compatibility. Therefore, it can yet be regarded as a new solution for the knowledge innovation and dissemination in the digital era.