美国商业玉米种质来源及系谱分析

Pedigree Analysis on Maize Germplasm Origination of Commercial Breeding

搜集和整理美国开放授粉品种、自交系选育及杂种优势群的形成系谱图,根据1980～2008年解密的美国商业玉米自交系种质来源,绘制美国商业玉米种质系谱图。系谱分析表明,美国商业玉米的种质基础几乎全部来自于开放授粉品种。开放授粉品种瑞德黄马牙中选育形成Iodent类群种质与衣阿华坚秆综合种（BSSS）;leaming corn选育形成商业种质OH07类群;Lancaster sure crop选育形成Lancaster种质类群;Minnisota13、Lancaster sure crop、瑞德黄马牙共同选育形成OH43种质类群自交系。美国商业玉米的种质自交系分为母本群和父本群,母本群包括BSSS种质自交系以及融入阿根廷Amargo血缘的新种质;父本群包括Iodent、Lancaster、OH07、OH43、商业杂交种选系5大类。

The pedigree evolution map from OPVs to inbred lines and heterosis population was collected and analyzed. Modem commercial maize germplasm pedigree map was made through analysis on origination of inbred lines whose patent expired. The result of pedigree analysis indicated that germplasm base of commercial maize breeding was from OPVs. The Iodent and BSSS germplasm were bred from OPV variety Reid Yellow Dent, OH07 germplasm was derived from Leaming maize; Lancaster germplasm formed from OPV Lancaster sure crop; Oh43 germplasm was selected from Minnisotal3, Lancaster sure crop and Reid Yellow Dent. The inbred lines of commer- cial breeding were divided into female group and male group. The female group included two types： One was BSSS germplasm. Another was new BSSS germplasm integrated Amargo strain. Male group included five populations of Io- dent, Lancaster, OH07, OH43 and inbred lines from commercial hybrids.