资源型产业生态化发展影响因素研究——以新疆为例

Study on Influence Factors of the Resource-based Industry Ecological Development——Take Xinjiang for Example

资源型产业作为广大西部地区的支柱产业,具有典型的"祝福"与"诅咒"的双重特征,产业发展方式转变是经济新常态下的必然选择。本文从产业生态化的根本内涵出发,构建包括节点层、网络层和外围层三个层次的资源型产业生态化发展的影响因素理论模型,选取三个层次的指标体系,建立简化的计量经济模型,以新疆为例实证检验资源型产业生态化发展影响因素。研究表明,节点层的研发经费投入、污染治理投资强度,网络层的产业集聚以及外围层的经济发展和节能环保财政资金投入五个因素都有效地促进了新疆资源型产业生态化发展,网络层的资源型加工业产值比重以及外围层的国有及国有控股企业产值比重的增加成为制约新疆资源型产业生态化发展的主要因素。在此基础上,提出促进新疆资源型产业生态化发展的对策建议。

China economic has entered a new norm stage. The economic growth rate become lower, which change from the extensive growth of scale and speed to the intensive growth of quality and benefit, and from the in- vestment driven to innovation driven. In new norm period, industry development mode change is imperative. Resource-based industry is an important support for economic growth in the underdeveloped regions in the west of China. The resource-based industry is double properties of ＂Blessing＂ and ＂Curse＂. Sustainable devel- opment resource-based industry is the basis of regional economic sustainable development, while resource-based in- dustry getting into ＂resource curse＂ will lead to the widening gap between rich and poor, the ecological environment and economic fluctuations, and even affect the social stability of the vast western frontier region. Industrial ecology is the concrete embodiment of the sustainable development in the industry level, and also the important way to realize the economic development mode changing from extensive to intensive, and to achieve the coordinated development of economic, society and ecology. This paper takes Xinjiang as an example to explore the factors that affect the ecologi- cal development of resource-based industry. The domestic and foreign scholars have carried on the positive exploration to the connotation and the influence factor of industrial ecology, and have carried on some research to the technology, policy, law, institution and econom- ic. The research suggests that industrial ecology is the advanced form of industry development under the guidance of industrial ecology theory, in order to realize the social and economic benefits maximization, environmental pollution minimization, resource efficient use and waste recycling. Its focus is the industrial organization diversely, industrial input reduction, industrial symbiosis, industrial value chain extension and industrial system. And the core is to build efficient industrial ecological system. Based on the connotation of industrial ecology, this paper sets up a theory framework of the industry ecological development influence factors from three levels, including node, network and the peripheral layer. Furthermore, this paper constructs the index system and econometric model. The results are as follows： （1） there are five factors that can enhance the resource-based industry ecological development,including R＆D expenses, pollution control investment intensity belonging to node layer, the industrial cluster that is network factor, economic development and financial energy saving investment belonging to the periph- eral layer. The resource-processing industry and state-owned or holding enterprises increased proportion of the out- put value are major restricting factors of the resource-based industry ecological development. （2） The industrial cluster is the most important factor, and the second one is economic development. Both of them have significant posi- tive effect on the industry ecology level, resource efficiency and environmental efficiency. Then the factors that affect ecological development from high to low in turn is the ratio of output value of resource-processing industry, R＆D ex- penses, the proportion of state-owned or holding enterprises, pollution control investment proportion, financial expen- ses on energy saving and environmental protection. （3） From high to low in turn, industrial cluster, economic devel- opment and pollution control investment proportion improve the resource-based industry ecological development o- verall level, while the ratio of output value of resource-processing industry and the proportion of state-owned or hold- ing enterprises are the bottleneck factors in different degree. （4） The positive factors of resource efficiency are in- dustrial cluster, economic development and pollution control investment proportion,while the negative factors are the proportion of state-owned or holding enterprises. （5） The positive factors of environmental efficiency are industrial cluster, economic development, R＆D expenses and pollution control investment proportion, while the bottleneck fac- tor is the ratio of output value of resource-processing industry. Moreover, this paper proposes countermeasures to en- hance the resource-based industry ecological develor）ment in Xinjiang.