TPP与国际服务贸易新规则及中国的应对策略

TPP and the New Rules of International Trade in Service and China's Countermeasures

全球化及国际服务贸易的快速发展呼唤与之相适应的国际服务贸易规则。多哈回合的停滞不前催生了区域及诸边服务贸易规则的涌现,美国更是欲将其主导的TPP作为建立新一代"高标准"的服务贸易自由化机制的途径之一。而TPP协议条款中所涉及的服务贸易规则,在承诺方式、整体架构、重点服务部门的自由化推进、借助"监管一致性"议题促进服务市场开放等方面均呈现出高标准的特征,这些高标准的服务贸易新规则代表了未来国际服务贸易规则的发展方向。中国"入世"后,虽然在服务贸易自由化方面进行了有益的尝试,取得了一定的进展,但总体看,与TPP为代表的世界服务贸易新规则还有很大差距。中国必须未雨绸缪,做到知己知彼,方能应对国际服务贸易新规则带来的挑战。

Globalization and the fast development of international trade in service call for corresponding rules. The stagnant Doha Round called forth the appearance of the rules in regional and plurilateral trade in service. The U.S., in particular, intends to use its dominated TPP to establish a new generation of ＂high standard＂ liberalization of trade in service. However, the rules of trade in service in TPP are characterized by high standard in commitment, overall structure, the further liberalization of key service departments, and promotion of the opening-up of the service markets with the help of ＂the unity of supervision and management＂.These high-standard new rules of trade in service represent the direction of future international trade in service.Although China has made attempts in the liberalization of trade in service and achieved some progress, on the whole, we still fall far behind the new rules of international trade in service represented by TPP. China therefore should take precaution. Only when we know both ourselves and our opponents can we cope with the challenges posed by the new rules of international trade in service.