中国城市工作贫困化问题研究——基于CGSS数据的分析

The Trend of Working Poverty in Urban China: A Study Based on CGSS Data

工作贫困问题与人们对贫困问题重新认识密切相关。20世纪70年代以来,工作贫困化问题逐渐成为一个国际趋势。本文使用CGSS数据对中国城市工作贫困进行分析表明,自2003年以来无论工作贫困发生率还是工作贫困结构都已经呈现明显逐年加重趋势。回归分析的结果表明,男性、年长者、已婚者更有可能陷入工作贫困,但是有6岁及以下未成年子女对工作贫困并无显著影响。受教育程度越高陷入工作贫困的可能性越小,但这一结论并不适用于无工作贫困者。工作时间越长的人越有可能是工作贫困者。与正规就业者相比,那些临时就业的人更有可能陷入工作贫困,但这一结论并不适用于无工作贫困者。那些拥有城市户口的人陷入工作贫困的可能性要显著低于没有城市户口的人。共产党员陷入工作贫困的可能性要显著低于非党员。

The working poor is closely related with the understanding oI poverty, working poverty has become an international trend since the end of 1970s. This article analysis the working poverty in urban China using China General Social Survey （CGSS） data. The results show that working poverty rate and working poverty structure had worsened since 2003. The regression results show that male, elder and the married was more likely become working poor, while the dependent children have no significant influences. Education is help on reduce working poverty, but this is not suitable to those non-working poor. People who work longer hour are more likely to be working poor. Informal employees are more likely to be working poor. Those who have urban Hukou and CCP membership are less likely to be working poor.