注意训练对亚临床抑郁大学生注意偏向的影响

Impacts of attentional training on attention bias of sub-clinical depressed undergraduates

目的 探究亚临床抑郁大学生的注意偏向特点以及注意训练对亚临床抑郁大学生负性注意偏向的影响.方法 根据新生心理健康普查时贝克抑郁量表（BDI）的得分,选取高分端5％的被试,采用随机数字表法将其分为注意早期干预组和注意晚期干预组.采用点探测范式,比较不同加工阶段的注意训练对亚临床抑郁大学生症状及注意偏向成分影响的差异.结果 （1）注意训练后被试的BDI得分[（87.91±12.47）分]显著低于前测[（97.23± 17.72）分]眠1,32）=4.78,P＜0.05）,注意晚期干预组的注意偏向分[（-5.97±2.92）分]显著低于注意早期干预组[（2.77±2.75）分]（P＜0.05）,刺激材料呈现时间与测量时间的交互作用具有统计学意义眠2,.）=4.76,P＜0.05）.简单效应分析发现,当刺激材料呈现时间为1 000 ms时,被试的后测负性注意偏向分[（-4.89±23.66）分]显著低于前测[（7.73±26.14）分]暇1,33）=5.11,P＜0.05）.前测时,刺激材料呈现时间为100ms和1 000 ms的负性注意偏向分[（8.62±27.60）分,（7.73±26.14）分]均显著高于500 ms[（-12.80±29.09）分]（P＜0.05）.（2）以负性解除分为因变量进行重复测量方差分析,结果表明干预组别和测量时间的交互作用具有统计学意义眠1,32）=4.41,P＜0.05）,简单效应分析发现,注意晚期干预组的后测负性解除分[（-5.84±7.79）分]显著低于注意早期干预组[（24.16±7.35）分]（P＜0.05）.结论 注意晚期干预的注意训练能有效干预亚临床抑郁大学生的负性注意偏向.

Objective To explore the attention bias characteristics and impacts of attention training on negative attention bias of undergraduates with sub-clinical depression.Methods The undergraduates whose BDI scores being at the top of 5％ were recruited as participations and assigned to early attention training group and late attention training group using random number table.The dot probe paradigm was used to compare the difference of depressive symptoms and ingredients of attention bias made by different processing phases of attention training.Results （1）The BDI score after the training（87.91± 12.47） was significantly lower than that the former test （97.23±17.72） （F~,32）=4.78,P＜0.05）,and the attention bias score in late attention training group （-5.97±2.92） was lower than that in the early attention training group（2.77±2.75） （P＜0.05）.The interaction of the stimulus materials presenting time and the measuring time was significant（F（2,64） =4.76,P＜0.05）.Simple effect analysis showed that when the time of stimulus material presenting was 1 000 ms,the score of negative attention bias after the test （-4.89 ± 23.66） was significantly lower than pre-test （7.73±26.14） （F（1,33） =5.11,P＜ 0.05）.In the pre-test,the negative attention bias scores of the stimulus materials presenting time for 100 ms and 1 000 ms （8.62 ± 27.60,7.73 ± 26.14） were significantly higher than that for 500 ms （-12.80±29.09）（P＜0.05）.（2）When the negative disengaged score as a dependent variable,the repetitive measure analysis of variance showed that the interaction effect of the stimulus materials＇ presenting time and training group type was significant （F（1,32） =4.41,P＜0.05）.Simple effect analysis results indicated the negative disengaged score of the late attention training group at post-test （-5.84±7.79） was significantly lower than that at pre-test （24.16±7.35） （P＜0.05）.Conclusion The attention training during the late stage of the attention process can efficiently intervene the negative attention bias of undergraduates with sub-clinical depression.