《文献通考》的经世致用思想

The Thought of Social Utility of WENXIAN TONGKAO

马端临的史学有家学渊源，也曾受理学的影响，但仿效《通典》，集著述之大成，为稽古经世之用，是他编撰《文献通考》的根本目的。《文献通考》从更为开阔的历史视角总结典制因革，为经世之用提供制度模式的参照；从历史发展的总过程揭示典制因革的必然性，强调因势致用、知时适变。《文献通考》还重视从两家的衰亡总结历史教训，尤为注意从赋税徭役、职官、兵制、外交等方面分析宋制之弊，以为当世之鉴。

WENXIAN TONGKAO's purpose compilation was collecting and researching historical data,giving play to social utility. WENXIAN TONGKAO summarized the transformation of institutions by wide historical angle of view, afforded reference for the real society. It revealed the necessity of transformation of institutions, and stressed the institutions must be changed. comforming to age and situation. WENXIAN TONGKAO specially summarized the maladies of song dynasty in the instilution of taxes, the institution of army, the inslitution of bureaucrat and the institution of diplomacy, afforded use for the real society.