涡轮转子起动温升曲线优化及试验研究

Optimization and Experiment Study on Start-up Temperature Control Curve of Turbine Rotor

涡轮转子在快速起动的过程中会产生较大的热应力,影响转子的热疲劳寿命。结合遗传算法与转子结构热分析,提出发动机起动温升控制曲线非单调参数化,对涡轮转子快速起动过程中的温升控制曲线进行优化设计。优化过程以转子最大热应力为目标函数,计算搜索最优解,并研究温升控制曲线对转子最大热应力的影响。结果显示,优化后的发动机快速起动温升控制曲线可以有效地降低转子的最大热应力和缩短快速起动时间。同时,为了验证提出的涡轮转子快速起动温升曲线优化设计方法的有效性,搭建转子热冲击应力测试试验台,通过对比优化前后温升曲线下的转子最大热应力,验证了理论分析结果。提出的优化设计方法可以为发动机设计初期的快速起动控制方案设计提供一定借鉴。

The process of engine fast start-up will generate huge thermal stress on rotor,which affects the thermal fatigue life of rotor. Based on the genetic algorithm and structure thermal analysis,the temperature control curve for engine start-up process is parameterized non-monotonically,and the temperature rising control curve of engine rotor on fast start-up process is optimized. The maximum thermal stress on rotor is set as the objective function,the optimal temperature control curve is searched,and the impact of the temperature rising control curve on maximum thermal stress on rotor is investigated. Results show that the maximum thermal stress and start-up time are reduced effectively by the genetic algorithm optimized temperature rising control curve. In order to validate the proposed method,a thermal impact test rig for rotor is established. Comparison between the original temperature rising curve and the optimized curve validates the proposed method. The proposed method could be an effective reference for engine design on the first stage.