船舶进出港最优排放航速研究

Research of Ship Optimal Speed with Minimum Emissions in the Process of Ships Entering and Leaving Port

为减少船舶进出港航行过程中的尾气排放,降低船舶大气污染,以船舶排放定量计算模型为基础,研究船舶废气排放量与船舶航速、航程的关系.考虑船舶在进出港过程中采用不同航速航行的排放特性,结合船舶进出港航行的实际约束条件,运用遗传算法求解出最少排放的船舶最优分段航速控制模型.以某集装箱船进出航程为13,15nmile的港口为实例,对算法进行了仿真实验,绘制出该船在进出港过程中的实时航速图,得出2个航程下的最优排放与一般情况下排放的差别分别为116%,125%;132%,140%.结果表明,采用该优化算法,不仅可以帮助船舶确定进出港过程中控制排放的最优航速,而且可以有效降低排放.

To reduce the ship emissions and air pollution in the entering and leaving port process,researches on the relationship among the ship waste emissions,the ship speed and ship voyage are conducted on the basis of the quantitative calculation model of ship emissions.Firstly,the waste-emitting characteristics of the ship with different speed in the entering and leaving port process are taken into consideration.Then combining the actual constraint conditions in the entering and leaving process of the ship,genetic algorithm is used to figure out the controlling model of the optimal segmented speed which has minimum emissions.Finally,a certain container ship in the process of entering and leaving13-nautical mile-long and 15-nautical mile-long ports is taken as an instance to conduct a simulated experiment based on the algorithm.The real-time speed of the vessel is mapped and the comparison results of the emissions compared with the general condition are 116%、125%;132%、140%.The results shows the algorithm can not only help to ascertain the optimal speed with minimum emissions in the process of ships entering and leaving port,but also reduce the emissions effectively.