页岩气地震勘探资料采集方案

On Seismic Acquisition Proposal for Shale Gas Exploration and Development

根据页岩气的特点及开发过程中需要解决的问题,就页岩气地震资料采集设计技术进行了探讨。在地震资料采集设计中,首先基于勘探区的表层结构数据及地下地质结构等信息进行采集参数论证,从岩性、井深、药量和激发频率、最大炮检距、面元尺寸、道间距、检波器组合等方面进行论证,并讨论了各项因素的相关关系;对覆盖次数、宽方位、高分辨率等观测系统参数进行了讨论。结果显示,页岩岩性、厚度、组分、应力、裂缝密度和方位,以及总有机质含量等的变化导致地震资料复杂,要求页岩气地震采集资料有最高的分辨率。针对有开发价值的页岩气藏,可进行宽方位、高精度的地震资料采集。此外页岩气地震勘探开发应考虑节约成本,重点从道距、覆盖次数和药量等方面进行优化。

According to the characters of shale gas and the problems to be solved during development,we discussed seismic data acquisition and design technology for shale gas.In seismic data acquisition and design,we firstly demonstrated acquisition parameters on the basis of such information as surface structure data and underground geologic structure in exploration areas in terms of lithology,well depth,charge and excitation frequency,maximum offset,bin size,track pitch and detector array,and discussed their relationship.We also discussed the fold number,wide azimuth,high resolution and other observation system parameters.Results indicated that shale lithology,thickness,components,stress,fracture density and azimuth,and total organic matter change led to complicated seismic data.So shale gas seismic acquisition data were required to have the highest resolution.For shale gas reservoir of development value,wide-azimuth and high-resolution seismic data acquisition could be carried out.In addition,shale gas seismic exploration and development should take saving cost into account and laid emphasis on track pitch,fold times and charge for optimization.It is significant for discussion that seismic acquisition operation in the complex lithology and structure area is more scientific reasonable.