北盘江四种鱼类临界游泳速度研究

Study of Critical Swimming Speed of Four Species of Fish from Beipanjiang River

以北盘江的白甲鱼(Onychostoma sima)、光倒刺鲃(Spinibarbus hollandi)、长臀鮠(Cranoglanis bouderius)、花鱼骨(Hemibarbus maculates)4种鱼为研究对象,在(22±1)℃的水温条件下用递增流速法分别测定它们的临界游泳速度和相对临界游泳速度.通过实验比较发现:白甲鱼、光倒刺鲃、长臀鮠、花鱼骨的临界游泳速度分别是(134.24±18.24)、(112.55±25.36)、(88.03±17.68)、(76.43±11.21)cm·s^(-1);相对临界游泳速度分别是(12.84±3.48)、(10.45±2.39)、(9.35±2.35)、(7.14±1.56)BL·s^(-1).上述结果表明白甲鱼的持续游泳能力最强,花鱼骨的游泳能力最弱,光倒刺鲃和长臀鮠介于两者之间.该研究结果可为北盘江鱼道设计、诱鱼以及集运鱼船的研制等提供一定的科学指导.

Four species of fish including Onychostoma sima,Spinibarbus hollandi,Cranoglanis bouderius and Hemibarbus maculates were collected from the Beipanjiang River and their critical swimming speeds;and the relative critical swimming speeds were measured by the increasing velocity method at the experimental water temperature of 22±1℃.The results show that the critical swimming speeds of Onychostoma sima,Spinibarbus hollandi,Cranoglanis bouderius and Hemibarbus maculates are 134.24±18.24cm·s-1,112.55±25.36cm·s-1,88.03±17.68cm·s-1 and 76.43±11.21cm·s-1 respectively;while,the relative critical swimming speeds are 12.84±3.48BL·s-1,10.45±2.39BL·s-1,9.35±2.35BL·s-1 and 7.14±1.56BL·s-1 respectively.It is obvious that the Onychostoma sima has the greatest swimming ability.In comparison,Hemibarbus maculates’ s swimming ability is the weakest.The results of the experiments may provide suggestions for the designs of the fishway,the fish luring and transporting vessels in the Beipanjiang River when solving the adverse impacts of the hydropower engineering on the protecting of the fish in the future.