跨国行为体和没有政府的全球治理

Transnational Actors and Global Governance without Government

行为体是"全球治理"的核心要素。由詹姆斯·罗西瑙首先提出的没有政府的全球治理,集中探讨权威空间中的所有行为体如何讨论某个具体的问题领域或者平等地提供公共或集体物品,即没有政府的治理世界。这种新的本体论要求我们集中于那些跨国行为体、结构、过程和制度上,它更多的是有关国家与跨国行为体之间的互动,从而取代了社会主导的视角和国家中心的观点。没有政府的全球治理提出了围绕跨国行为体的目标,通过多层治理结构与过程和有关的掌舵机制,各种平等的主体以合作与相互依赖的方式来提供公共物品的建议与解决方法,这对国际政治和全球公共治理都具有较强的解释力。

Actor is the central element of ＂global governance＂ one of the newest perspectives in the social sciences, includes in IR theory. Governance without government analysis, presented by James Rosenau, focuses on how all of these actors of SOAs discuss an explicit issue or provide commons orcollective goods equally. It is a governance world without government. The new ontology requires us to focus on those transnational actors, structures, processes, and institutions that initiative, sustain or respond to globalizing forces as they propel boundary-spanning activities and foster boundary- contracting reactions. This theory presents the following suggestions and resolutions, that is, through the objective of transnational actors, through multilevel governance structures and processes, and through the related steering mechanisms, to provide common goods with cooperation and interdependence under the global governance without government. It may put structural and historical explanation to be integrated to ＂structural-historical analysis＂ as a complete form of explanation.