生态补偿项目对缓解贫困的影响分析——基于农户异质性的视角

Impact Analysis of Ecological Compensation Programs on Poverty Reduction——From the Perspective of the Heterogeneity of Rural Households

基于北京市生态涵养区延庆县的450户农户调查数据,采用均值回归和分位数回归方法,把能够直接补偿到农户的生态补偿项目按照补偿方式分为岗位型和现金型,把农户家庭收入作为测量贫困程度的重要指标,研究了岗位型和现金型生态补偿项目对农户家庭收入的影响。研究结果表明:岗位型和现金型生态补偿项目分别能够在低分位数和中分位数上显著提高农户家庭收入,且均不能够在高分位数上显著提高农户家庭收入。生态补偿机制设计应发挥不同生态补偿项目的协同作用,吸引更多的贫困户参与,并考虑农户的异质性。

Yanqing County is the eco-conserving division of Beijing. Based on survey data of 450 rural households in Yanqing County,using mean regression and quantile regression methods,this paper studies the household income impact of employment compensation and cash compensation of ecological compensation programs which compensate rural households directly. Rural household income is an important indicator of poverty. Employment compensation improves low-quantile rural household income significantly. Cash compensation improves middle-quantile rural household income significantly. However,neither of them could improve high-quantile rural household income significantly. Ecological compensation mechanism should exploit the synergy of different ecological compensation programs,involve more poor rural households and consider the heterogeneity of rural households.