高校校园办公建筑使用者用能行为特征分析

The Characteristics of Energy Use Behavior in Office Buildings on Campus

本项目在某典型高校选取了占其总能耗比例很大的办公建筑,对其使用者的用能行为进行调研,分析了照明、空调、电脑、饮水机和打印机的使用特征。在此基础上,建立了冬夏两季单人日均用电的简化计算模型,利用K-均值聚类分析,划分了奢侈型、适度性、节约型三类用电类型,并对三种类型的用能行为特征进行了分析。调研数据分析表明,高校办公建筑内使用者的用能行为存在着很大浪费。聚类分析表明,奢侈型样本在冬夏两季的个人日均用电量为10.3 k Wh/(人·天),适度型样本的个人日均用电量为5.4 k Wh/(人·天),节约型样本的个人日均用电量为1.9 k Wh/(人·天)。三类用能行为样本在冬夏季空调的使用时间以及电脑的使用时间上差别很大,而照明的使用却相差很小。

In this research, the investigations on occupants＇ behavior in office buildings of a university were conducted,and the characteristics of the use of lighting, air-conditioners, computers, water dispensers and printers are analyzed. A simplified calculation model is built to evaluate the electricity consumption per capita in space heating and cooling periods. With the clustering analysis of K-average value, the samples are divided into three categories by their electricity use, namely the luxurious group, the moderate group, and the thrifty group. The characteristics of energy use behaviors of the three categories are analyzed. The research shows that much waste exists in the energy consumption behavior of the office buildings. Clustering analysis indicates that the average electricity consumption of luxurious samples is 10.3 k Wh/（capita·day）, that of the moderate ones 5.4 k Wh/（capita·day） and that of the thrifty ones 1.9 k Wh/（capita·day）. The three categories of samples vary a lot in the use of air-conditioners and computers, but are similar in lighting use.