人精子的蛋白质组学研究进展

Research Progress on Proteomics of Human Sperm

随着质谱技术不断发展,精子蛋白质的检测已实现高通量化,蛋白质组学也成为研究精子的重要工具之一。概述人正常精子的蛋白质组学、精子获能相关的蛋白质组学及临床上少、弱、畸形等异常精子的蛋白质组学三个方面的研究进展。蛋白质组学对睾丸组织特异的三磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(glyceraldehyde-3phosphate dehydrogenase,testis specific,GAPDHS)、外致密纤维蛋白(outer dense fiber protein,ODF)、A激酶锚定蛋白(A kinase anchoring protein,AKAP)及热休克蛋白(heat shock proteins,HSP)等蛋白结构、功能及丰度改变的深入研究,有助于增进对精子发生、精子功能及受精机制的理解;同时筛选出部分关键蛋白,如人可溶性半乳糖凝集素3结合蛋白(lectin galactoside-binding,soluble 3 binding protein,LGALS3BP)、组蛋白丛1 H2ba(histone cluster1,H2ba,HIST1H2BA)、苹果酸脱氢酶2(mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase 2,MDH2)等可能成为男性不育病因分析及研究的靶标,对探索男性不育机制、探索男性避孕新靶点有潜在的意义。

With the development of mass spectrometry, the detection of human sperm proteins has been realized high throughput, and the proteomics has become an important tool to study sperm. We reviewed the advances in the proteomics of normal human sperm, the proteomics of sperm capacitation, and the proteomics of oligo-, astheno-, and terato spermia. The proteomic study on the structure, function and abundance change of many proteins, such as glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate dehydrogenase, testis specific（GAPDHS）, outer dense fiber protein（ODF）, the A kinase anchoring protein（AKAP） and heat shock proteins（HSP）, will be helpful for understanding spermatogenesis, sperm function and fertilization mechanism. And some of the key proteins selected,such as lectin galactoside-binding, soluble 3 binding protein（LGALS3BP）, histone cluster1, H2ba（HIST1H2BA）and mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase 2（MDH2）, can be developed as possible clinical targets for the diagnosis of male infertility. These proteins also have potential significance for exploring the mechanism of male infertility and male new contraceptive.