毒品对生殖系统及胚胎发育的影响

Effect of Drugs on Reproductive System and Embryonic Development

近年我国吸食毒品的人群中,青少年呈快速上升趋势。毒品不仅严重危害吸食者神经内分泌、心血管及全身多系统的生长发育,并引起代谢的紊乱,与此同时,也极大地影响吸食者的生殖健康。根据毒品的分类,从流行病学及动物实验的角度,综述各种毒品对生殖的危害。对雄性,阿片类毒品会影响精子动力与活力,从而导致雄性不育;对雌性,长期服用甲基苯丙胺会增加患妊娠期高血压疾病、宫内死胎、流产、早产、新生儿及婴儿死亡的概率;而孕期吸食大麻,更可能造成胚胎生长缓慢、神经系统发育不良,最终导致出生后的新生儿认知行为受损等。研究毒品对生殖系统的影响,除了阐述其毒理机制外,更具有重要的社会警示作用。

The rate of drug-taking population is rising rapidly in our country,especially among teenagers or juveniles, in recent years. Drugs not only cause severe harmfulness to the growth,development and metabolism of the neuroendocrine system,cardiovascular system and many other systems in human body,but also vastly damage reproductive system. In this article, we introduced the harmful effects of various drugs on reproduction.For example,the opioid drugs have a negative effect on the sperm motility and mobility which directly leads to male infertility. Methamphetamine intaking for long time can induce the gestational hypertension,fetal death in utero,abortion,premature,neonatal death and infant mortality. Marihuana intaking during pregnancy can lead to the slow growth and neural dysplasia in fetus and the damage of recognition ability in newborn. There is an important caution in our society by studying the effects of different drugs on reproduction.