贵州主栽蓝莓晚熟品种及产地加工特性评价

Evaluation of main cultivars and planting areas on the effect of processing characteristics of late-maturing blueberry in Guizhou province

为了了解不同品种及产地对贵州主栽晚熟蓝莓加工特性的影响,以5个晚熟品种及2个不同产地的蓝莓果实为试材,对其外观形态、理化特性和营养成分进行加工特性的评价分析。结果显示:不同品种及产地蓝莓果实间品质差异显著,龙奔基地的巴尔德温单果质量最大(2.55g),含水量(86.17%)、出汁率(61.20%)、可溶性固形物(TSS)(10.77%)、可溶性蛋白质(4.12 mg/100g FW)含量均较高,但花色苷含量(61.59 mg/100g FW)最低;龙奔基地的灿烂果实中可滴定酸含量最低(0.32%),固酸比(36.14)、p H(2.90)最高;龙崩基地圆蓝果实中花色苷含量(179.93 mg/100g)最高;碧波基地圆蓝果实中还原糖(10.62%)、总酚(419.34 mg/100g FW)、总黄酮(75.58 mg/100g FW)含量最高,抗氧化活性较好。经综合评价,龙崩基地的提芙蓝、粉蓝和圆蓝适合于加工成果酱、果脯类产品,龙崩基地灿烂和碧波基地粉蓝适合于鲜销,碧波基地圆蓝则适合开发高档保健食品,巴尔德温适合开发果汁类产品。

To investigate the effect of cultivars and plating areas on processing characteristics of late-maturing blueberry in Guizhou province,the processing characteristics of 5 different cultivars and from two different areas in Guizhou province were analyzed including appearance,physiochemical properties,and nutritional components. The results indicated that the fruits quality had significantly different among different cultivars and planting areas. The＂Baldwin＂kind exhibited the highest single fruit weight（ 2. 55g）,water content（ 86. 17%）,juice yield（ 61. 20%）,total soluble solids（ 10. 77%）,and soluble protein content（ 4. 12 mg /100 g FW）. The ＂ Bright well＂kind exhibited the lowest titratable acidity（ 0. 32%）,the highest solid / acid ratio（ 36. 14） and p H（ 2. 90）. Gardenblue in Longbeng area showed the highest anthocyanins content（ 179. 93 mg /100g）. Gardenblue in Biebo area had the highest reducing sugar（ 10. 62%）,total polyphenol（ 419. 34 mg /100 g FW）,total flavonoids content（ 75. 58 mg /100 g FW,and antioxidant activity among the cultivars. It was preliminarily evaluated that the ＂Tifblue＂,＂Powderblue＂,and ＂Gardenblue＂in Longbeng area were suitable for preserved fruit and jams. Suitable for fresh food were ＂Bright Well＂in Longbeng area and ＂Powderblue＂in Biebo area. Gardenblue in Biebo area was suitable for processing health care products. ＂Baldwin＂in Longbeng area was suitable for fruit juice products.