基于单因素实验的稀土尾矿浮选工艺优化

Process Optimization in Flotation of RE Tailings Based on Single Factor Experiment

针对白云鄂博稀土尾矿矿物组成复杂、利用率低的问题,采用浮选工艺从尾矿中提取高品位稀土精矿。采用单因素实验方法,重点考察了药剂制度(p H值、抑制剂用量、捕收剂用量)及物理因素(磨矿粒度、矿浆浓度、浮选机调浆转速和浮选转速、充气量)对浮选指标的综合影响。单因素试验结果表明,稀土尾矿浮选的最佳工艺条件为:p H值8.1,抑制剂用量1000 g/t,捕收剂用量1000 g/t,磨矿粒度为-74μm占88.53%,矿浆浓度30%,调浆转速2500 r/min,浮选转速2000 r/min,充气量0.2 m3/h;此条件下经一次粗选可获得稀土品位30.85%、回收率为72.13%的稀土粗精矿。基于此优化条件,采用"1粗2精1扫、中矿顺序返回"的闭路实验流程,最终可获得稀土品位为51.07%、回收率为62.99%的稀土精矿。

In this paper,aiming at low utilization efficiency of Bayan Obo tailing with complex composition,the technology of flotation was adopted to obtain high- grade RE concentrate from RE tailings. By single factor experiment,the integrate effects of reagent system（ p H value,inhibitors dosage,collector dosage） and physical factors（ grind size,slurry concentration,mixing speed,flotation speed and inflating volume of flotation machine） on the flotation results were mainly investigated. The single factor experiment results showed that the optimum conditions of flotation of RE tailings were p H value of 8. 1,inhibitor dosage of 1 kg / t,collector dosage of 1 kg / t,88. 53% of sample passing through 74 μm mesh,slurry concentration of30%,mixing speed of 2500 r / min,flotation speed of 2000 r / min and aeration quantity of 0. 2 m3/ h. Under this condition,rough RE concentrate with grade of 30. 85% and recovery of 72. 13% were obtained by single rougher flotation. Based on this,RE concentrate with grade of 51. 07% and recovery of 62. 99% was finally obtained by the closed- circuit experiment process of ＂one roughing- two scavenging- one cleaning and middles back to the flow- sheet＂.