抽穗期高温干旱胁迫对杂交水稻产量及生理特性的影响

Effects of High Temperature and Drought Stress in Heading Stage on Grain Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Hybrid Rice

以冈优725为材料,于抽穗期进行高温和干旱胁迫处理,研究高温和干旱胁迫对杂交水稻产量及生理特性的影响。结果表明,抽穗期高温与干旱胁迫导致每穗实粒数、结实率、千粒重和籽粒产量下降,剑叶中叶绿素含量、净光合速率、花粉育性、抗坏血酸含量、谷胱甘肽含量下降,丙二醛、脯氨酸及超氧阴离子含量增加;高温干旱双重胁迫的影响大于单一高温或干旱胁迫;随着胁迫程度的加重和胁迫时间的延长,各性状受到的影响更显著。

Using Gangyou 725 as the materials,the effects of high temperature and drought stress in heading stage were studied on grain yield and physiological characteristics of hybrid rice. The results showed that the high temperature and drought in heading stage resulted in a decrease in pollen fertility,filled grains per panicle,seed setting rate,1 000-grain weight and grain yield per pot. In physiological characteristics,they also decreased the contents of chlorophyll a and b,net photosynthetic rate,the contents of ascorbic acid（ As A） and glutathione（ GSH） but increased the contents of malondialdehyde（ MDA）,proline（ Pro） and superoxide free radical（ O-2） in flag leaf.The treatments of both high temperature and drought had a greater effect than those of high temperature or drought alone. With the degree of stress aggravating or the time of stress prolonging,all of the above traits were more heavily affected.