抗菌中药筛选思路的解析及实践

Screening Approach of Antimicrobial Chinese Traditional Medicine and Practice

为研究防治细菌病的中药方剂及有效成分,解析了抗菌中药的筛选思路,提出了运用传统中兽医整体观念、辨证论治的理论基础进行中药筛选。以治疗动物李斯特菌病为例,根据小鼠动物模型(体内模型)的临床症状和中兽医辨证论治理论,配伍组方筛选出钩藤牛角地黄汤为治疗方剂;结合李斯特菌的致病机理,以微血管内皮细胞为基础建立细胞损伤模型(体外模型),进一步阐释组方中各单味中药及单一药物成分的作用机理,即传统中药是通过改善、调节机体细胞功能缓解细胞损伤而非如抗生素一样直接杀灭细菌。中兽药创新研究务必在传统中兽医的理论指导下选择药物,利用中药保护和调理微血管内皮细胞的形态和功能,阻断细菌毒素对微血管内皮细胞的损伤作用,为中药方剂及其有效成分治疗细菌性疾病提供思路。

In order to study the mechanism of the prevention of bacteriosis by Chinese traditional medicine,the holistic concept and syndrome differentiation in screening of antimicrobial Chinese herbs was emphasized. The therapeutic principle based on pathogenesis of listeriosis obtained through differentiation of symptoms and signs to the animal model using the theory of Chinese traditional medicine. According to the principle of removing pathogenic heat from blood and calming liver to quench endogenous wind,the best therapeutic efficacy named rhynchophylla cornus rhinoceri and rehmanniae decoction was chosen. The experiments were designed to observe the effects of the decoction and the main constituents on the proliferation and secretion of the microvascular endothelial cells（ CMEC） in vitro on basis of the establishment of CMEC injured model. Antimicrobial Chinese traditional medicine could relieve cell damage by regulating cell function. Therefore,the innovation research of Chinese traditional medicine must be chosen according to traditional theoretical direction. Protection and regulation of CMEC from the damage of bacterial toxins was a new screening approach of antimicrobial Chinese traditional medicine.