首次脑梗死后焦虑障碍的危险因素分析

Analysis of the related risk factors of anxiety disorders after first cerebral infarction

目的探讨首次脑梗死后焦虑障碍(Anxiety disorders after cerebral infarction)的相关危险因素,为脑梗死后焦虑障碍的干预提供依据。方法采用自制的一般情况调查表对198例首次脑梗死患者进行调查,根据14项汉密尔顿焦虑量表评分分为焦虑组61例和非焦虑组137例,并用神经功能缺损量表、领悟社会支持量表、日常生活能力量表进行评估,分析两组差异的相关因素。结果脑梗死后焦虑障碍发生率为30.80%,患者的性别、年龄、经济状况、病灶、数量及部位、神经功能缺损程度、社会支持情况和日常生活能力受损情况均与脑梗死后焦虑障碍发生有关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05-P<0.01),而文化程度、婚姻状况与脑梗死后焦虑障碍的发生均无明显关系(P>0.05)。结论首次脑梗死后焦虑障碍的发生率较高,≥65岁的女性,大脑前半球、额叶、基底节区域梗死,病情严重,社会支持度低及生活活动能力差是脑梗死后焦虑障碍的危险因素。

Objective To explore the relative factors of anxiety disorders after first cerebral infarction, so as to pro- vide a basis for intervening anxiety disorders after cerebral infarction. Methods 198 patients with cerebral infarction in- vestigated by self-designed questionnaire were divided into anxiety disorders after cerebral infarction group （61 cases） and non- anxiety disorders after cerebral infarction group （137 cases） according to the score of 14-item Hamilton Anxiety Scale,activities of daily living scale and neurologic deficit scale. Results The incidence of anxiety disorders after cerebral infarction was 30.80 %. Sex,age,economical status,location of damages, number of lesions, neurologic deficits, activities of daily living and social support of patients were related with anxiety disorders after cerebral infarction, and its differ- ences were statistical significance（P〈 0.05- P〈0. 01）. But there were no significant differences in levels of education and marital status （P〉0. 05）. Conclusions The incidence of anxiety disorders after first cerebral infarction of patients is high. Old than 65 year-woman, the infarction area of anterior cerebral hemisphere, frontal lobe, basal ganglia, serioer neurologic deficits, low social support and poor quality of life are the risk factors of anxiety disorders after cerebral infarc- tion.