长沙市2型糖尿病患者医学营养治疗教育与执行现状调查

Knowledge and implementation of medical nutrition therapy among patients with type 2diabetes mellitus in Changsha:a survey study

目的了解长沙市2型糖尿病患者医学营养治疗教育及执行现状,分析影响因素,为完善针对性干预策略提供参考。方法采用自制糖尿病医学营养治疗教育及执行情况调查问卷对213例2型糖尿病患者进行现状调查。结果问卷总分为(9.13±3.77)分,3个维度得分率依次为依从性(58.67%)、态度(48.75%)、知识(36.60%);单因素分析显示,受教育程度在本科及以上、居住在地级市者得分相对高于其他者(均P<0.05);多因素分析显示,近6个月血糖自我监测次数及职业类别是影响患者医学营养治疗教育及执行的重要因素(均P<0.05)。结论患者医学营养治疗教育及执行现状不容乐观,应充分考虑患者认知、态度、执行力差异,建立更加完善的糖尿病教育机制,提升患者教育效果,从而提高其执行依从性。

Objective To describe the level of knowledge and implementation of medical nutrition therapy（MNT）in patients with type 2diabetes mellitus in Changsha,and to analyze the influencing factors.Methods Two hundred and thirteen patients with type2 diabetes mellitus were investigated using a self-designed questionnaire in terms of their knowledge and implementation of MNT.Results The total score was 9.13±3.77,with the scoring rate being highest in compliance（58.67%）,followed by attitude（48.75%）and knowledge（36.60%）.Patients with bachelor degree or higher academic background scored significantly higher than those with lower education level,and patients living in prefecture-level city had greater score than those living in county-level city or rural area（P〈0.05 for both）.The frequency of blood glucose monitoring in the last 6months and occupation were predictors of MNT knowledge and implementation（P〈0.05 for both）.Conclusion The level of MNT knowledge and implementation was unsatisfactory in diabetic patients.We should consider cognition,attitude,and compliance of patients,build more perfect diabetes education system,so as to improve the effectiveness of education and enhance patients′compliance.