2004—2014年乌鲁木齐市职业病危害因素监测分析

Analysis on monitoring of occupational hazard factors in Urumqi from 2004-2014

目的分析乌鲁木齐市2004—2014年职业危害因素监测结果,采取有效的管理措施,以达到预防并减少职业病的目的。方法采用excel软件录入乌鲁木齐市2004—2014年67家委托进行职业病危害因素监测的企业的监测数据,利用SPSS 17.0从不同角度分析监测点行业合格率以及职业危害因素监测管理开展的情况并进行风险评估,采用TOPSIS法分析不同行业职业危害管理情况。结果 2004—2014年职业卫生监测的企业数、监测点数每年呈现上升趋势。监测点超标率也呈现稳中有降趋势,总的平均超标率从2004年的9.09%下降至2014年的0.84%。粉尘、化学毒物、物理因素的合格率稳中有升。各行业中建材类的合格率最低。风险评估显示粉尘作业为高度风险,化学毒物与噪声作业为低度风险。TOPSIS法分析显示,各行业中石油化工行业危害管理实施最好,新能源类行业最差。结论乌鲁木齐市委托进行监测的67家企业职业病危害因素中粉尘危害最大,其次是化学毒物。其职业危害管理情况不容乐观。应尽早制定并实施相应的对策措施以加强防护,保护劳动者的健康。

[Objective]To analyze the monitoring results of occupational hazard factors in Urumqi from 2004-2014,take effective management measures to prevent and reduce the occupational disease. [Methods]The monitoring data of 67 enterprises which authorized us to monitor occupational hazard factors were input by excel,the qualified rate of monitoring sites and conduct situation of occupational hazard factors monitoring management were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 from different angles,and the risk assessment were carried out. Management situation of occupational hazards in different industries was analyzed by TOPSIS method.[Results]The number of enterprises and sites which were carried out occupational health monitoring showed an increasing trend from 2004-2014. The over standard rates of monitoring sites showed a falling trend,the average over standard rates decreased from 9.09% in 2004 to 0.84% in 2014. The qualified rates of dust,chemical toxicant and physical factors were stable and rose slightly. In different industries,the qualified rate of building materials industry was lowest. The risk assessment showed that dust work was high risk,chemical toxicant and noise work were low risk. TOPSIS method showed that the implementation of hazard management in petroleum and chemical industry were best, and the new energy industry was worst. [Conclusion]Among occupational hazard factors in 67 enterprises,the dust hazard was severe,followed by chemical toxicant. The management situation of occupational hazards was not optimistic. The measures should be formulated and carried out as early as possible to protect the health of workers.